1
Compiled by Dr. Joe Herbertson
June 2001
Sustainable Resource
Processing
Cement Plant
Wallboard Plant
Coal Fired Power
Plant
Sulphuric Acid
Plant
Refinery
Pharmaceutical
Plant
fly ash
waste
gypsum
waste heat
natural gas
waste water
steam
green-
houses
fish farms
district heating
agriculture
sludge
Industrial Symbiosis at Kalundborg
1. See, J.Ehrenfeld in Journal of
Industrial Ecology, 1998
2. Statoil also stores 1 Mt/a CO2 in saline
aquifer; Statoil total fluids management savings ~ $1.5M/a
Annual Resource
Savings through Interchanges1
Water:
1.2 million cubic metres
Energy:
30,000 tonnes coal
19,000 tonnes oil
Community Heating
Chemicals:
1,200 tonnes fertilisers
2,800 tonnes sulphur
80,000 tonnes gypsum
Waste Reduction:
200,000 tonnes flyash
80,000 tonnes scrubber sludge
1 M tonnes waste water sludge
130,000 tonnes CO2 emissions 2